Missense mutations
These type of mutations
substitute one amino acid for another. In some cases they have very effective
or neutral. This phenomenon that mutation can be effective or neutral depend on
where mutation occurs on protein structure. It can change the function of
protein or may not. Missense mutations renders the resulting protein
nonfunctional and such mutations are result human diseases as epidermolysis
bullosa, sickle cell and sod1.
Non sense mutations
Those mutation which convert
an amino acid to stop codon are nonsense mutations. Sometime this conversion of
amino acid into stop codon have very little effect because proteins ends are relatively
unimportant to function. Nonsense mutations result in completely nonfunctional proteins.
A point nonsense mutation differ from a missense mutation where a single
nucleotide is changed to cause substitution of a different amino acid.
Thalassemia is result of point nonsense mutations.
Beneficial for evolution
Both mutations are effective in their own way
but missense mutations are more beneficial for evolution to occur because
missense mutations replace the amino acid with slightly change form which works
better than the older. On other hand nonsense mutation causes nonfunctional
proteins.
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