COMMUNITY STRUCTURES

 

 WHAT IS COMMUNITY

A community is a place where people come together and share their interests and the resources they use. The word community is derive from the old French word community.

Structure of communities

A community structure can be described on the basis of these two measures

·         Species richness

·         Species diversity

It is a measure of both species richness and species.

Species richness

Species richness is the number of different species which are living in a particular community. The more the species a community have the more its species richness. Community which have higher species are found where the solar energy and the basic needs of species are available in abundance and it must have slight seasonal change. Communities with low richness are those where conditions are hard and the survival is not easy.

Species diversity

Species diversity is measured by the community complexity. If the species have larger number have more even abundance this situation will lead to higher species diversity. In ecosystem all the species in a community depend on each other. They depend on each other directly or indirectly. To make the species diversity high it must have sustainable ecosystem. Species richness makes an ecosystem able to return to any catastrophe.

Functions of community 

The sum of species

Comparative richness of each species

Coadaptation of species within community

Accompanying abiotic situations

 

ELABORATE THE FACTORS THAT SHAPE A COMMUNITY STRUCTURE

The factor that shape a community structure includes both the biotic and abiotic factors.

·         Climate ,atmospheric conditions

Climate has major impact on the community as some secies are unable to survive in regions where droughts and sporadic below freezing 

·         The amount of food and its kinds and its resources

The amount of food available on a region has big impact on its community, because if food is available in abundance the species living in it will have less competition in getting food.so food have big impact on a community.

·         The living species adaptations to habitat conditions.

It is also important for a species living in community that how it adapts its environment cause the environment changes over time so it’s important for the organisms living in a community to adapt all the changes that are good for their survival

 

·         The interaction of species between each other.

The competition between two species have great effect on community structure.

Predation, symbiosis, are the interaction that effect a community structure.

·         The community structure can be structured by chance because of the events that occurred during the history.